Homework 15: Exercises using Newton's method
Exercise 15.1
. Find the fifth root of 7, using
as a first guess. Apply Newton's method with three iterations.
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Exercise 15.2.
A rectangular piece of cardboard of dimensions 8 by 17 is used to make an open-top box by cutting out a small square of side x from each corner and bending up the sides. (See Problem 12 of the last homework set.) If x = 2, then the volume of the box is
. Use Newton's method to find the value of x for which the box has volume 100. Do your
computations using at least 3 significant figures of accuracy, and apply Newton's method with enough iterations so that you know that your value of x is accurate to 3 significant figures.
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Exercise 15.3.
A wheel of radius 1 picks up a pebble in its tread. How much farther will the wheel rotate (in radians) before the pebble has traveled a horizontal distance of 1? Use the cycloid formula, and take
radians as a rough guess. Use Newton's method with three iterations.
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Exercise 15.4.
Consider a vertical line passing through the point (
/2,-1) on the curve
. This line is rotated clockwise until it rests against the sine curve at a point somewhere between (0.7,sin 0.7) and (0.8,sin 0.8). (See figure ) Use Newton's method to find the point where the line rests, with enough iterations to be sure that your answer is accurate to 4 significant figures.
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code for diagram
Exercise 15.5.
In the baton example, notice that the tip of the baton makes a downward loop at around t = 0.5 sec. Find the time (to four decimal places) when the tip of the baton is at the bottom of the loop, and find its height at that moment.
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Exercise 15.6.
In the baton example, suppose that there is a wall located at exactly x = 10 ft. Use Newton's method to find (to three decimal places) when the tip of the baton hits the wall.
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Exercise 15.7 . You are riding a double ferris wheel at an amusement park. The large circle has radius 40 ft, and the smaller circle has radius 10 ft. (See the diagram below.) Your seat rotates clockwise around the smaller circle once every 6 sec, and the center of the small circle rotates counterclockwise around the big circle once every 20 sec. At time t = 0 you are at the lowest possible point (50 ft below the center of the large circle). Call that point the origin. First write parametric equations for your position at time t. Then use Newton's method to find (to at least three places past the decimal point) the instant when you reach the highest point during the first revolution of the large circle. Also find your height at that moment.
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code for ferris wheel diagram
Exercise 15.8.
Two mine shafts meet at an angle of
, as shown in the diagram. The horizontal shaft has a width of 7 ft, while the entrance shaft is 9 ft wide. What is the longest ladder that can negotiate the turn? Neglect the thickness of the ladder, and assume it is not tipped as it is maneuvered around the corner. At a given moment the ladder makes an angle of
as shown. First convince yourself that the problem can be rephrased as follows: Find the angle
at which the length l =
AB
is minimal, and then find the corresponding value of l. To do this, first express l =
AC
+
CB
in terms of
(notice that
can be expressed in terms of
). Then set dl/d
= 0, and use Newton's method with
=
to find
and l to at least 3 significant figures of accuracy.
code for diagram for ladder problem